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Used in O.D. grinding of gear shafts, splined shafts, transmission shafts, valves, plunger pins, eye bolts, bearing races, etc. In this operation, the external or internal cylindrical surface of a work piece is ground. In external cylindrical grinding, or centre-type grinding, the work piece rotates and reciprocates along its axis although for large and long work parts, the grinding wheel reciprocates.

In internal cylindrical grinding, a small wheel grinds the inside diameter of the part. The work piece is held in a rotating chuck in the headstock and the wheel rotates at very high rotational speed. In this operation, the work piece rotates and the grinding wheel reciprocates.

(a) External Grinding; (b) Internal Grinding